M\u016bsdienu s\u0113rfo\u0161anas sporta att\u012bst\u012bba s\u0101k\u0101s jau pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101 un 50.\u201360. gados, kad Havaju sal\u0101s, Austr\u0101lijas un Kalifornijas krastos izveidoj\u0101s savas s\u0113rfot\u0101ju kom\u016bnas.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
M\u016bsdienu s\u0113rfo\u0161anas sporta att\u012bst\u012bba s\u0101k\u0101s jau pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101 un 50.\u201360. gados, kad Havaju sal\u0101s, Austr\u0101lijas un Kalifornijas krastos izveidoj\u0101s savas s\u0113rfot\u0101ju kom\u016bnas.<\/p>\n
S\u0113rfo\u0161ana ir teritorijas zi\u0146\u0101 \u012bpa\u0161i ierobe\u017eots sporta veids, jo, dari, ko gribi, bez krasta un vi\u013c\u0146iem \u0161eit neiztikt. Maigais s\u0113rfo\u0161anai piem\u0113roto teritoriju klimats un siltais oke\u0101na \u016bdens pirmajos gados \u012bpa\u0161i nenodarbin\u0101ja \u013cau\u017eu pr\u0101tus ar jaut\u0101jumu, k\u0101 var\u0113tu uztur\u0113ties aukst\u0101 \u016bden\u012b. Kad \u016bdens bija par v\u0113su, sportisti iesild\u012bj\u0101s ar \u0161ama\u0146iem cien\u012bg\u0101m ritu\u0101lu dej\u0101m.
\u00a0
Tikai kad sporta veida popularit\u0101te v\u0113rs\u0101s pla\u0161um\u0101 un non\u0101ca l\u012bdz Kalifornijas krastiem, k\u013cuva aktu\u0101li, k\u0101 pagarin\u0101t sezonu. Vieni entuziasti eksperiment\u0113ja ar p\u0101rtikas e\u013c\u013c\u0101 iepriek\u0161 m\u0113rc\u0113tiem vilnas d\u017eemperiem, citi Pendleton flane\u013ca kreklus no iek\u0161puses iezieda ar vazel\u012bnu, lai samazin\u0101tu \u016bdens uzs\u016bk\u0161anos un palielin\u0101tu funkcionalit\u0101ti. Neviens negrib\u0113ja atteikties no sava iem\u012b\u013cot\u0101 hobija, t\u0101p\u0113c izgudroja da\u017eneda\u017e\u0101dus \u0137erme\u0146a siltuma saglab\u0101\u0161anas pa\u0146\u0113mienus.<\/p>\n
M\u016bzika pal\u012bdz\u0113ja izplat\u012bt modi<\/strong><\/p>\n Dro\u0161i vien, pateicoties tie\u0161i \u0161iem eksperimentiem, rad\u0101s Kalifornijas s\u0113rfot\u0101ju stils, ko ietekm\u0113ja Pendleton firmas r\u016btainie flane\u013ca krekli un haki kr\u0101sas pusgar\u0101s bikses, kuri ar godu un lepnumu tiek valk\u0101ti l\u012bdz pat \u0161ai dienai.<\/p>\n S\u0113rfot\u0101ju rad\u012bt\u0101 mode 60. gados izplat\u012bj\u0101s ar m\u016bzikas starpniec\u012bbu.<\/p>\n Popgrupa Pendletones, kas v\u0113l\u0101k k\u013cuva paz\u012bstama ar nosaukumu The Beach Boys, ar saviem maigajiem ritmiem s\u0113rfot\u0101ju stilu un m\u016bziku iepl\u016bdin\u0101ja mas\u0101s. Grupas dal\u012bbnieki m\u0113dza valk\u0101t zili r\u016btainus Pendleton Board kreklus, un \u0161is ap\u0123\u0113rba gabals ir piemin\u0113ts t\u0101dos vi\u0146u pasaulslavenos hitos k\u0101, piem\u0113ram, Surfer Girl un Surfin\u2019 Safari.<\/p>\n R\u016btainie Pendleton krekli ir k\u013cuvu\u0161i par sava veida modes simbolu ar\u012b jaun\u0101s paaudzes pankgrup\u0101m un rokgrup\u0101m, kas ar \u0161\u0101 ap\u0123\u0113rba valk\u0101\u0161anu pau\u017e cie\u0146u pret sav\u0101m sakn\u0113m un saviem elkiem. Popul\u0101r\u0101kie no tiem ir Kalifornijas grupas Red Hot Chilli Peppers, Offspring un No Doubt. Dienvidkalifornijas s\u0113rfot\u0101ju neaizst\u0101jami ap\u0123\u0113rba gabali ir ar\u012b Havaju stila krekli ar lieliem ziedu rakstiem, bikini un boardshorts stila bikses, kas k\u013cuvu\u0161as par iecien\u012btu vasaras ap\u0123\u0113rbu vis\u0101 pasaul\u0113.<\/p>\n L\u012bdz ce\u013ciem gar\u0101s bikses \u0161uj no \u0101tri \u017e\u016bsto\u0161a, iztur\u012bga poliestera vai neilona auduma. T\u0101s ir iztur\u012bgas, \u0113rtas un vieglas (bez oderes). Lai garant\u0113tu \u012bpa\u0161u funkcionalit\u0101ti, biks\u0113m ir stingra jostasvieta, bie\u017ei kop\u0101 ar velkro jeb l\u012bpsl\u0113dz\u0113ju un savelkamu auklu. Eksperimenti ar hidrot\u0113rpu<\/strong><\/p>\n Iepriek\u0161 min\u0113t\u0101 aukstuma probl\u0113ma s\u0113rfojot k\u013cuva par iemeslu modern\u0101 gumijas iet\u0113rpa jeb hidrot\u0113rpa izgudro\u0161anai. T\u0101 rad\u012b\u0161anas gods nepien\u0101kas tikai vienai konkr\u0113tai personai, jo laika gait\u0101 ar l\u012bdz\u012bg\u0101m idej\u0101m eksperiment\u0113ja daudzi. 1953. gad\u0101 ar neopr\u0113na gumijas hidrokost\u012bmiem s\u0101ka eksperiment\u0113t \u016bdens sporta entuziasti dv\u012b\u0146ubr\u0101\u013ci Bobs un Bils Meistreli, kuri str\u0101d\u0101ja par gl\u0101b\u0113jiem uz \u016bdens. Vispirms vi\u0146i veica izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumus ar \u012bpa\u0161i apsild\u0101miem kara laika lidot\u0101ju kost\u012bmiem, p\u0113c tam atgriez\u0101s pie vilnas d\u017eemperu idejas, l\u012bdz beidzot pavisam nejau\u0161i aiz ledusskapja atkl\u0101tais izolators neopr\u0113ns pal\u012bdz\u0113ja br\u0101\u013ciem Meistreliem non\u0101kt l\u012bdz pirmajam praktiskajam un modernajam hidrot\u0113rpam. Pan\u0101kumiem bag\u0101tais O\u2019Neils<\/strong><\/p>\n Apm\u0113ram tai pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 l\u012bdz\u012bgu t\u0113rpu, kas b\u016btu funkcion\u0101ls un piem\u0113rots s\u0113rfo\u0161anai aukst\u0101 \u016bden\u012b, m\u0113\u0123in\u0101ja izgudrot Sanfrancisko logu mazg\u0101t\u0101js D\u017eeks O\u2019Neils. L\u012bdz\u012bgi br\u0101\u013ciem Meistreliem, ar\u012b vi\u0146am siltumizol\u0113jo\u0161a t\u0113rpa izgudro\u0161anas dzinulis bija neticami dedz\u012bg\u0101 aizrau\u0161an\u0101s ar s\u0113rfo\u0161anu un v\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s ar to nodarboties cauru gadu, pat ja p\u016b\u0161 sp\u0113c\u012bgs v\u0113j\u0161, sace\u013cas milz\u012bgi oke\u0101na vi\u013c\u0146i un \u016bdens temperat\u016bra nokr\u012btas zem +10 gr\u0101diem.<\/p>\n O\u00b4Neils s\u0101ka ar pasaules karalaika akvalangistu kost\u012bmiem, kas bija darin\u0101ti no pl\u0101n\u0101m gumijas sloksn\u0113m. Ta\u010du dr\u012bz k\u013cuva skaidrs, ka tie ir piem\u0113roti tikai nir\u0113jiem. S\u0113rfot\u0101ji fiziski ir daudz akt\u012bv\u0101ki un izpilda straujus pagriezienus. Ener\u0123isku kust\u012bbu laik\u0101 zem nir\u0113ja kost\u012bma t\u016bli\u0146 ies\u016bc\u0101s \u016bdens un izspied\u0101s gaisu, t\u0101d\u0113j\u0101di \u0137ermenis strauji atdzisa.<\/p>\n Tom\u0113r O\u2019Neils gumiju izmantoja ar\u012b t\u0101l\u0101kajos eksperimentos, kam\u0113r non\u0101ca l\u012bdz pirmajam gumijas hidrot\u0113rpam. Lai gan gumija pild\u012bja savas funkcijas, k\u0101 materi\u0101ls tas bija \u013coti gr\u016bti apstr\u0101d\u0101jams \u0160o p\u016b\u013cu rezult\u0101t\u0101 ir par\u0101d\u012bjies jaunas paaudzes neopr\u0113na s\u0113rfot\u0101ju kost\u012bms jeb hidrot\u0113rps, ar kuru pa vi\u013c\u0146iem var laisties gan A\u013cask\u0101, gan \u012asland\u0113, gan Norv\u0113\u0123ij\u0101, gan ar\u012b Antarkt\u012bd\u0101, kur pat pingv\u012bni drebin\u0101s no aukstuma. 70. gados tika izgudrots dubultais neopr\u0113ns, kas sast\u0101v no neopr\u0113na un div\u0101m neilona auduma k\u0101rt\u0101m. P\u0113c neilona pievieno\u0161anas krietni palielin\u0101j\u0101s auduma iztur\u012bba, un par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s hidrot\u0113rpi ar spilgtas kr\u0101sas oderi.<\/p>\n 80. gados, kad mod\u0113 n\u0101ca da\u017eneda\u017e\u0101di neona kr\u0101su to\u0146i, tirg\u016b par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s kr\u0101sains neopr\u0113ns. Tas akt\u012bvo fanu starp\u0101 iekaroja milz\u012bgu popularit\u0101ti, pal\u012bdz\u0113ja s\u0113rfo\u0161anu k\u0101 sporta veidu populariz\u0113t starp jaunie\u0161iem un padar\u012bja to v\u0113l atrakt\u012bv\u0101ku.\u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n Var dro\u0161i teikt, ka, pateicoties s\u0113rfo\u0161anas kult\u016bras popularit\u0101tei, neopr\u0113ns modes pasaul\u0113 tagad ir k\u013cuvis par \u012bstu sens\u0101ciju. Jau vair\u0101kas sezonas p\u0113c k\u0101rtas augst\u0101k\u0101s modes rad\u012bt\u0101ji \u0161o materi\u0101lu ar lieliem pan\u0101kumiem izmanto savos garadarbos, kas savuk\u0101rt \u0161o trendu ir izplat\u012bjis mas\u0101s. Vair\u0101ku sezonas modes z\u012bmolu \u0161\u0101pavasara kolekcij\u0101s ir iek\u013cauti da\u017e\u0101di ap\u0123\u0113rba gabali no neopr\u0113na materi\u0101la, kuriem p\u0113c pirm\u0101 acu uzmetiena tr\u016bkst jebk\u0101das saist\u012bbas ar s\u0101kotn\u0113jo iedvesmas avotu. Teksts Mariona P\u012brmetsa, foto Sportland<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" M\u016bsdienu s\u0113rfo\u0161anas sporta att\u012bst\u012bba s\u0101k\u0101s jau pag\u0101ju\u0161\u0101 gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101 un 50.\u201360. gados, kad Havaju sal\u0101s, Austr\u0101lijas un Kalifornijas krastos izveidoj\u0101s\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":1498,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[48],"class_list":["post-1370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sports","tag-burasanaserfings"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1370"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1659,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1370\/revisions\/1659"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sportland.lv\/magazine\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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Funkcion\u0101l\u0101s bikses<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u00a0
Gadu gait\u0101 bik\u0161u \u0161\u016b\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123ija nav main\u012bjusies, vien mode ienesusi zin\u0101mas korekcijas to piegriezum\u0101. Jaunaj\u0101m un modernaj\u0101m biks\u0113m ir pazemin\u0101ta jostasvieta, kas bie\u017ei atkailina gurnu aug\u0161da\u013cu, auduma kr\u0101sa k\u013cuvusi spilgt\u0101ka, un bie\u017ei tiek izmantoti raibi audumi ar lielu ziedu rakstu.<\/p>\n
\u00a0
Pirmie avoti ir dat\u0113ti ar 1951. gadu, kad ASV milit\u0101rajam j\u016brniekam Hj\u016b Bredneram pr\u0101t\u0101 ie\u0161\u0101v\u0101s ideja par izol\u0101cijas materi\u0101lu izmantot pl\u0101nu \u016bdens k\u0101rti\u0146u, ko kaut k\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 var\u0113tu iestr\u0101d\u0101t zem \u012bpa\u0161a materi\u0101la. J\u0101piebilst, ka tiek uzskat\u012bts, ka hidrot\u0113rpa galvenais uzdevums ir \u016bdensnecaurlaid\u012bba, kas \u0137ermeni pasarg\u0101 no p\u0101rm\u0113r\u012bgas atdzi\u0161anas. Paties\u012bb\u0101 hidrot\u0113rps darbojas tie\u0161i pret\u0113ji \u2013 lai\u017e cauri \u016bdeni, ta\u010du da\u013c\u0113ji to izol\u0113 uz \u0101das virsmas. Pateicoties \u012bpa\u0161a materi\u0101la virs\u0113jai k\u0101rtai \u2013 neopr\u0113nam \u2013, \u016bdens uz \u0101das virsmas sasilst.
\u00a0
Ir zin\u0101ms, ka izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumos izmantot tie\u0161i \u0161o materi\u0101lu ieteica viens no Bredmera draugiem. Ta\u010du, \u0161\u0137iet, Hj\u016b Bredners \u0161\u012bs idejas l\u012bdz galam ne\u012bstenoja t\u0101p\u0113c, ka nebija dedz\u012bgs s\u0113rfo\u0161anas sporta cien\u012bt\u0101js.<\/p>\n
\u00a0
Ar \u0161\u0101 jaunin\u0101juma pal\u012bdz\u012bbu br\u0101\u013ci nodibin\u0101ja \u0123imenes uz\u0146\u0113mumu Body Glove, kas l\u012bdz pat \u0161odienai nodarbojas ar s\u0113rfo\u0161anas un zem\u016bdens peld\u0113\u0161anas piederumu tirdzniec\u012bbu. Vi\u0146iem pieder pla\u0161i zin\u0101mais izteiciens \u2013 fits like a glove (piegu\u013c k\u0101 cimds rokai) \u2013, uz ko nor\u0101da ar\u012b uz\u0146\u0113muma nosaukums.<\/p>\n
.
Ta\u010du v\u012brs nepadev\u0101s. Reiz lidojuma laik\u0101 vi\u0146a skatiens apst\u0101j\u0101s pie gr\u012bdas pakl\u0101ja, kura strukt\u016br\u0101 bija specifiska materi\u0101la gumijai l\u012bdz\u012bgas joslas. Tas bija 1932. gad\u0101 \u2013 t. i., jau pirms divdesmit gadiem \u2013 izgudrotais neopr\u0113ns. Taj\u0101 laik\u0101 to p\u0101rdeva k\u0101 Duprene z\u012bmola preci. O\u2019Neilam tas bija \u012bsts atradums. Vi\u0146\u0161 nekav\u0113joties pas\u016bt\u012bja lielu daudzumu neopr\u0113na un \u0137\u0113r\u0101s pie hidrot\u0113rpa konstru\u0113\u0161anas. S\u0101kum\u0101 kost\u012bmi neizskat\u012bj\u0101s diez cik stil\u012bgi un bie\u017ei k\u013cuva par veco buku apsmiekla objektu. Jaunu un modern\u0101ku izskatu hidrot\u0113rps ieguva, pateicoties D\u017eeka br\u0101lim Robertam O\u2019Neilam.<\/p>\n
\u00a0
Elit\u0101r\u0101s modes m\u012blulis<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u00a0
S\u0113rfot\u0101ju kult\u016bra vienm\u0113r ietekm\u0113s m\u016bsu ikdienas modi, lai cik t\u0101lu m\u0113s dz\u012bvotu no j\u016bras vai oke\u0101na krasta!<\/p>\n